:: capital: Manila
:: land area: 299,000 sq km
:: population:84.61 million
:: people: The vast majority of Filipinos are descendants of Malays, Chinese, and Muslim minorities. More than 100 cultural minority gourps are scattered throughout the country.
:: language: Filipino and English, with 10 other languages and 87 dialects
:: religion: Predominantly roman Catholic others: Protestant, Muslim and Buddhist
:: government: Republic
:: currency: Philippine Peso (PhP)
:: geography: The Philippines is an archipelago located between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam, and North of Sabah and Borneo. It spans 1,900 kilometers from north to south, 1110 from east to west.
:: climate: March to May is hot and dry. June to October is rainy. November to February is cool. Average temepratures: 78°F/32°F; humidity: 77%
:: environment: The Philippines is rich in biodiversity, with around 12,000 plant species, 1100 land vertebrate species, and at least 500 species of coral. Total forest area is around 18%; coastal ecosystem reaches almost 20,000 km.
:: time: GMT + 8 hours |
   
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Indo-Malays and Chinese merchants inhabited the islands before the discovery in 1521 by Spanish travelers led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. They named the archipelago Felipinas after Spains Philip II.
The Spanish conquistadors introduced Christianity to the Philippines. They saw the islands an ideal hub for commerce with Manila and Cebu as strategic ports. The seat of government was first established in Cebu and later moved to Manila in 1571. Spanish colonization lasted from the 16th to the 19th century, or 333 years, and was marked by a series of uprisings. The Filipinos waged Asia's first nationalist revolution in 1896 and won their independence from Spain on 12 June 1898.
The Americans came after the Spaniards left and introduced their educational and legal systems as well as their democratic form of government. The Americans ruled for 48 years until World War II broke out in 1941 and the Philippines was annexed by the Japanese for 4 years. The US forces returned to liberate the Filipinos and on 04 July 1946, the Americans finally recognized Philippine Independence. |
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